Human services legislation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human services legislation - Essay Example overty level was increasing at a rapid rate, which made the Johnson administration to come up with a program that would be run by the government to try and reduce the poverty level. The legislation worked out well because the poverty level was greatly reduced over time to a lower level. Expounding on the war on poverty will paint a clear picture on the impact and benefits of the legislation. The war on poverty is a legislation that was pioneered by United States president Johnson Lyndon in a state address. Johnson proposed the legislation in response to the rising poverty rates. The proposal allowed the United States congress to pass the economic opportunity act which then instituted the office of economic opportunity to oversee the local application of funds aimed against poverty. Johnson believed in increasing the government’s roles in reducing poverty and bettering education and health care as strategies of reducing the poverty rates. Johnson had an aim of not to cure the symptoms of poverty, but to cure it and above all, to prevent it. During Johnson’s administration hearing before the select committee on poverty of the committee on labor and public welfare, President Johnson decided that the United States was not going to put up with the increasing poverty rates anymore (Zarefsky, 1986). The notion was that prosperity alone was not going to get rid of the increasing poverty rates. Johnson emphasized that the war on poverty would create job opportunities, and also lead to planning and organization of resources, to break the cycle of poverty in communities. The main social problems were poor education and health care, lack of job opportunities, poor transportation and urban problems. According to Phelps, this is why President Johnson found it more convenient to curb those social problems in order to fight poverty in a more orderly manner (2014). This is especially because poverty is related to issues such as lack of education, jobs, proper healthcare

Intervention Methodology in Education

Intervention Methodology in Education Intervention methodology can be used in various educational streams. It can be used for mathematics, science or language study. One can find problem in learning new languages, mathematics, and science or in any other subjects. One can use Intervention methodology for teaching this stuff to one who cannot learn it easily. Teacher can apply this Intervention Methodology via various styles (Anon., n.d.). It can be applied by teacher via teacher directed interventions, scaffolded interventions, responsive interventions or by a combination of teacher directed interventions, scaffolded interventions and responsive interventions. Teacher directed interventions are those where teacher gives a title, problem to students, helps in constructing way to achieve goal, and gives a response to students directly. Responsive interventions are those where interventions are done upon requirement of students. In this type teacher helps the students to make strategies, gives solution of students questions via questioning only. In this style of intervention students makes their own plan and strategy to achieve goal. Students use reference texts or create analogies to learn topic. It is a responsive invention. If the communication between student and teacher gives a scaffolded response, invention method becomes scaffolded and responsive. Responsive intervention approach is an alternative approach to common other approaches. This approach can give better outcomes if tried logically. Teacher can collect interventions that help students to study deeply, can help students to fulfill their learning needs and also help students to give good performance. Students who learn via basic style where teacher teaches them directly are less skilled than who learns via responsive interventions. Responsive interventions (Anon., n.d.) helps the students to learn self planning, can help students to make subject more interesting. For responsive intervention, one cannot plan that how will he / she teach. One cannot use what him or her plan. One can use trigger to try intervention differently where he or she needed to give particular case and needs to try to get response for that scenario. Here one needs to be contiguous. How to plan for contingency? One can teach students in more interesting way than another one just via using perfect timing of what to ask? For a different one can use scaffolded interventions too. Use of both responsive intervention and scaffolded interventions. Interventions are also depends on some other criteria too like student’s age and their pre-knowledge on topic and all. What is students average age? Some methods can be applicable for younger and some can applicable for older one only. For example, A primary schools student needs to be questioning differently than of student of higher secondary school. For deployment of intervention methods one need to set particular environment (Anon., n.d.). What includes in arranging the environment? It includes structural facilities like good classroom. Good physical environment to provide comfort to students. This environmental change helps student to relate with situation. Social environment (Anon., n.d.) also needs to set according to students. One can also use funny comments or joke to make environment light and can start or continue communication effectively. Playing activities also can be used by teachers to make study more lubricate and interesting. One can sing songs to make atmosphere light. Teacher is supposed use predictable routine and daily routine activities. For responsive intervention one need to follow students’ lead. Student’s lead means in what student is interested, what he / she loves to do or on what topic he loves to talk. What is the need of following these leads? By following this, one can know where stude nt is interested and via this one can respond to student easily. Student’s attention is a big thing in responsive intervention. Students are getting more interested in conversation when teacher follows their lead. One can use labeling and commenting for better outcomes. For commenting, first teacher is supposed to give specification and a particular label to each activity of student and then supposed to comment on that. The benefit of commenting is that student came to know that how well he / she performed. Student will give more responsive if teacher uses commenting and labeling technique. For building student’s vocabulary via responsive intervention technique one can use imitating and expanding methods. Imitating and Expanding is a technique where teacher asks students to imitate his /he words or teacher imitates student’s words. It will help students to pronounce words more clearly and will also help students to understanding the pronunciations of words. One can use open- ended questions to students. Open ended questions are like, â€Å"Who are you?†, â€Å"Where are you?†, â€Å"What are you doing?†, â€Å"How are you doing?†, â€Å"What is this?†, â€Å"Where it is?† and all. Students can give answers of these questions via one or two words too. So, it helps them to start communicating in new language. Teachers are also supposed to motivate students via praising their work, giving those rewards and via positive attitude. Positive attitude and motivation makes student feel more comfortable. Like if teacher poke student on back or praise his/ her work. So, student will pay more attention than before. One can motivate students via providing choices. Provide more than one activity to students. So that they can choose their favorite one and can enjoy it. Providing choices will encourage students to learn new things and to do communication continuously. It will help students to prefer topic, thing o n which he / she wants to communicate. How to provide choices? To provide choices one can use rotation methods. He / she can rotate activities / things within classroom so that with help of less resort he / she can create more choices. One can make gap of few minutes within routine tasks. It will allow students to communicate. Give them playful tasks to do in between. Give them group activities. One can uses these steps like â€Å"Instructional Match (Anon., n.d.), Scaffolding Step-by-Step Strategies, Modeling Demonstration, and Performance Feedback, Opportunities to Drill Practice to Strengthen Fragile Skills, Student Talk-Through Activities, Periodic Review, and Progress Monitoring. Here instructional match is used to verify whether teachers are working at their best level and provide students more confidence and provide them success. Scaffolding is necessary for students to help in learning new things and become more advanced in that particular area. One can use many things to achieve it like giving fewer tasks to students. So that they can concentrate on that particular task / those particular tasks and masters in that task / s. One can divide students in groups so that they can share their knowledge and complete assignments. Step by step strategy: One can use / make strategies step by step for complex task so that task can be done simply and easily. Modeling: Demonstrations and models can help students to learn things easily. It helps students to understand and implement content easily and correctly. Performance review: Performance review is necessary after above tasks as performance review is only measurable thing where one can know who progressed how much? After getting new skills and after sharpening that skills student can work independently and try new things. He / She can try these new skills and can strengthen them via applying it and by practicing those new skills. He / She (student) can practice hard on those things where he / she is interested and become expert of that and meanwhile enjoys that too. Talk Through activities: After successfully completing learning task and sharpen those things by practicing teacher supposed to set up activities for students. Where teacher can ask students to do various talk through activities. Periodic review: After students excelled in particular things, particular skill teacher is supposed to put learning process on next level, where he / she (student) can masters it. Meanwhile teacher is supposed to review his / her progress. So that teacher can know that whether he / she is going in right direction or not? For teaching new language one can also use direct responsive intervention method. In this intervention method teacher is supposed to communicate / talk with students in new language only which they are supposed to learn. Via communicating formal things one can teach basic sentence to students in beginning. Like students were not aware of Italian Language. Students knows the name of the teacher. So, teacher can ask questions like my name is this, (Anon., n.d.)What is yours? â€Å"Il mio nome à ¨ This. Che cosa à ¨ il vostro? (Anon., n.d.) â€Å". Here students cannot understand all these sentence but knows This is teacher’s name. So they assume that he / she was trying to tell his / her name. In addition to this students can also understand that the tone of last sentence was like of question. So they guess that teacher were trying to ask his / her name. So they (students) can answer like My name is Ray (Il mio nome à ¨ Ray). One can also tell that Good morning in very begi nning of class like â€Å"buongiorno† . Here students don’t know the meaning of it but can surely assume that he / she gave morning wish or good wish. And can respond via imitating it. One can ask students â€Å"How are you? Via telling them â€Å"come stai?†. Here students won’t understand what teacher is trying to ask but then teacher can answer himself / herself â€Å"Io sto bene†. Students can understand little here or if they don’t. Teacher can use physical signs to teach them like pointing his / her hand toward black board and can say, â€Å"Si tratta di una lavagna†, (It is a blackboard). Here too students will not understand. But then teacher can try to point his / her finger on window and can say, â€Å"È una finestra† (it is a window), can point finger on door and can say, â€Å"È una porta† (it is a door). Here students can understand â€Å"È una† means nothing but It is. Teacher can try few n ew simple sentences later on. Like How are you doing?, How are you? , What are you doing? What am I doing, What we are doing?, What she is doing?, What principal is doing? In Italian language. â€Å"Come stai?, Come stai? , Che cosa stai facendo? Che cosa sto facendo, che cosa stiamo facendo?, Che cosa sta facendo?, Che cosa principale sta facendo?† . Here students can understand few basic words and able to respond them. Teacher can tell â€Å"bye bye , have agood day, see you† (bye bye avere una buona giornata) at the end of class.It is very interesting and quick learning technique. Here one who is teaches and one who is learning both can enjoy. Both can communicate with each other freely and both can feel comfortable after little time. Prospects of using this method is, it is quick, easy to implement and comfortable technique. In additon to this it technique can help the students to memorize words, sentences for long time, can help student in building vocabulary easi ly.The only disadvantage of this method is, in the starting phase students may get confused. Students may feel boarded or confused in early days as they don’t know much what was going. But a good teacher can overcome this problem via applying proper timing and gestures. So teachers and students all can enjoy study. Proper use of gestures and physical movement plays major part in success of this type of reference interventions. Teacher who use proper timing and gestures can use reference intervention more efficiently than who cannot use it. One can make subject more lucid and interesting with help of reference method. But if teacher don’t use it efficiently may be this reference intervention methodology won’t work as it supposed to be. It is not methodology’s failure but it is failure of particular teacher (Anon., n.d.). One can use Intervention methodology for language and other type of teaching too. For language teaching responsive intervention methodolo gy and scaffolded interventions are mainly used due to their above described features and prospects. One can use both responsive intervention methodology and scaffolded intervention methodology at once. Means one can use a combination of both intervention methodologies responsive and scaffolded. References: Works Cited Anon., n.d. [Online] Available at: http://interventionmethodology.com/types-of-intervention/. Anon., n.d. [Online] Available at: http://www.interventioncentral.org/academic-interventions/general-academic/teacher-strategies-promote-learning. Anon., n.d. [Online] Available at: http://nzcurriculum.tki.org.nz/System-of-support-incl.-PLD/Learner-initiated-supports/Language-and-learning-intervention. Anon., n.d. [Online] Available at: https://translate.google.co.in/?hl=entab=wT#gu/hi/. Anon., n.d. [Online] Available at: http://www.asha.org/slp/schools/prof-consult/RtoI/. Anon., n.d. [Online] Available at: http://work.chron.com/responsibilities-intervention-teacher-7660.html. Anon., n.d. [Online] Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16209031. Anon., n.d. [Online] Available at: https://www.apa.org/education/k12/classroom-mgmt.aspx.

Comparing the Struggle in Dante’s Inferno and Book VI of The Aeneid Ess

The Infernal Struggle in Dante’s Inferno and Book VI of The Aeneid Does hell have its own history? For Dante, the structural and thematic history of ‘hell’ in the Inferno begins with the Roman epic tradition and its champion poet, Virgil. By drawing heavily from the characteristics of hell in Book VI of The Aeneid, Dante carries the epic tradition into the medieval world and affirms his indebtedness to Virgil’s poetry. Moreover, Virgil becomes a central character in the Inferno as he guides Dante, the pilgrim, who has no knowledge of hell, through his own historical model. Similarly, the protagonist of The Aeneid, Aeneas, lacks the foresight necessary to make the journey through hell on his own and thus places his trust in the mythological prophet, the Sybil. Because the Sybil and Virgil already have knowledge of the underworld, their characters in The Aeneid and the Inferno are associated with history, both literally through Virgil’s poetry and metaphorically through their enduring wisdom in eyes of the pilgrim and Aeneas . For Aeneas and the pilgrim, however, religious history evolves from an ancient world of paganism to medieval Christianity and these values are transposed onto hell itself--showing that its history changes over time. Furthermore, the living realities that the pilgrim and Aeneas take into the underworld prove unstable when juxtaposed with hell’s slippery and ever-changing ambience. In Book VI of The Aeneid, Aeneas enters an underworld filled with triple-hybrid beasts, sinners, heroes, and a transparent physical reality that foils his warriorlike instincts for conflict and resolution. Likewise, in Dante’s Inferno, the journeying pilgrim witnesses a horrific blurring of life and death, which in this case nega... ...f. Through the infernal struggle Aeneas and the pilgrim discover the limitations of their mortal realities, and ultimately come to an awareness of their existence as transcendent, spiritual beings against shifting religious, historical, and poetical climates. Works Cited Bailey, Cyril. Religion in Virgil. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1969. Clarke, Howard. ed. Virgil’s Aeneid. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State UP, 1989. Day-Lewis, C. ed. The Eclogues of Virgil. London: Jonathan Cape, 1963. Durling, Robert M. ed. The Inferno. New York: Oxford UP, 1996. Eco, Umberto. Art and Beauty in the Middle Ages. Trans. Hugh Bradin. New Haven: Yale UP, 1986. Jacoff, Rachel and Jeffrey T. Schnapp. The Poetry of Allusion: Virgil and Ovid in Dante’s Commedia. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1991. Virgil. The Aeneid. New York: Bobbs-Merrill Company, Inc. 1965.

Skywest Cas

eSkyWest, Inc. case Analysis Written Case Analysis Table of Contents 1. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ pg. 2 2. External Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ pg. 3-10 3. Internal Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ pg. 10-14 4. Key Decisions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. pg. 14- 15 5. Alternatives†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ pg. 15 6. Recommended Decisions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ pg. 16 7. Appendices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. pg. 17-19 1-SkyWest Airline IntroductionSkyWest, Inc. was found in 1972 by Raplph Atkins in St. George, Utah. Initially this was only a charter type of flight and was mostly used by businessman travelling between Salt Lake City and St. George, Utah. But with business partnerships and merging with companies like Western Airlines and later with Delta airlines partnerships the network of SkyWest airlines were much broad. Later in near future with more partnerships with United Airlines and Midwest Airlines helped the company to grow rapidly and in 2005 SkyWest acquired Atlantic Southeast Airlines.Currently SkyWest is operating in overseas too for instance Canada meanwhile it runs its operations in 34 states and nearly in 158 cities. Sky West case analysis report will help the reader to understand especially about the SkyWest Inc. and the general economic conditions of the reg ional airline industry of US at a micro environmental level along with some introductions of market size and market growth of the airline industry. The report is organized under the following main topics as follows.External analysis, internal analysis, Key decisions, alternatives and recommended decisions along with some charts and tables that helps the arguments for better understanding. Moving on when we consider the industry as a whole it had a decline due to the economic recession in 2009 that affected the growth rate of the airline industry and in terms of market size the revenue from passenger per mile decreased in 2008 compared to 2007 and this is an early effect of the economic recession, we shall discuss the threats and alternatives as we go along.In five year period from 2004 to 2008 the industry’s combined revenue has increased almost with a double effect from $4. 7 billion to $8. 4 billion (Please refer the epilogue table # 1). As part of the introduction let†™s identify the vision statement and the company strategy. Company strategy is low-cist strategy and its competitive advantage is achieved by lower cost than its competitors. Vision statement is â€Å"Atlantic Southeast Airlines is committed to connecting more people, more often; to the places they love, by becoming the world's first super regional airline. Moving on we would concentrate on the external analysis of this company. 2-External Analysis Economic Factors The external analysis assess the company’s external environment by looking at its Marco-environmental factors including the size of the market in terms of unit sale and sales volume as well as the market growth. It also examines the number and size of buyers and sellers in the environment, the pace of technological change or innovation, the economies of scale, geographic boundaries, the market supply and demand conditions, learning curve effects of the market and the differential products available.We will now e valuate SkyWest’s external environment by first looking at its economic factors. Size and Market Growth rate: The first economic factor addressed is the size of the company and its growth rate. SkyWest is the largest independently owned regional airline that is partnered with two of the major airlines; United and Delta. Alone SkyWest has more than 11,000 people representing their company none of which are unionized. Through the partnership with United and Delta, SkyWest was imited to the size of the aircraft through scope clauses limiting seating of 76 with Delta and 70 with United. This would limit the amount of business they could capture from their partners. In order to take advantages of their efficiencies SkyWest could have purchased larger aircraft to expand its business had there been no limitations. Throughout the five years SkyWest contracted to Delta and United ending in December of 2008, their annual growth rate had increased to a compounded 29. 6% with the number of flights increasing from 1,500 to 2,300.The size of the market in terms of unit sale and sales volume will be discussed in the next paragraph defining its size of buyers and sellers. Number and Size of buyers and sellers: The number of buyers in the company can be defined by the number of customers the company serves per year. SkyWest has the ability to serve over 100,000 customers per year due to the contract with Delta and United. The number of sellers in the company can be defined as the partnering airlines using their regional services to operate their connecting flights for a fixed cost.SkyWest is a regional airline that operates the connecting flights of its major partners Delta and United. The regional flight as well as the connecting flights through Delta and United has them serving 158 cities in 42 states and five Canadian provinces and Mexico. Their Hubs are located in Chicago O’Hare, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Milwaukee, Portland, Denver and Salt Lake City. In o rder to maintain these airlines they have maintenance based in Atlanta, Chicago, Colorado Springs, Denver, Fresno, Los Angeles, Milwaukee, Palm Springs, Portland, Salt Lake City, San Francisco and Tucson.Through their contract with Delta they have increased their customer base by operating about 430 connecting flights per day between Salt Lake City and designated outlaying destination which is about 59. 9% of the company’s capacity. The other 40. 10% of capacity goes to their contract with United that has them operating about 900 scheduled departures per day. In January of 2008 SkyWest took over Midwest allowing them to service 70 and 90 seating customers per flight.When they partnered with these major airlines there were a lot of changes that took place including technical changes. We will now discuss the pace of these technical changes and innovation. Pace of technological change or innovation: Most of the technological changes happened after the 9/11 attack on the World Tr ade Center and the Pentagon. One of the changes SkyWest had implemented was the Stetson Quality Suite. The Stetson Quality Suite is a mobile data collection and reporting software SkyWest used to ensure they were meeting or exceeding their safety quality standards.SkyWest used this particular software to keep up with the Safety and maintenance standards for the Department of Transportation and the Federal Aviation Administration. Now that we have discussed the pace of technological changes or innovation we will now go on to discuss the economies of scale. Economies of Scale: The economies of scale are the cost advantages company’s can obtain due to size, with cost per unit of output decreasing with increasing scale as fixed costs are spread out over more units of output.SkyWest was able to capitalize on the economies of scale when it partnered with Delta and United which helped reduce the cost of providing the service over what others could do. Through these partnerships SkyW est was able to gain access to an established customer base that would help increase their business in size and also lower the costs through the contracts where the major airlines were responsible for all their jet fuel, ground handling and aircraft maintenance and ownership. Given the gained access to customers through the partnership made SkyWest heavily dependent on Delta and United.With the current recession causing a dramatic downfall in the economic condition put all airlines including the major ones like Delta and United at risk to airlines losses, bankruptcies and consolidations due to the decrease in operating revenues by 87% with a 64% drop in income, 77% drop in revenues and a 60% drop in operating income. Now that we have discussed the economies of scale in the industry we will go on to discuss the geographic boundaries. Geographic Boundaries: The geographic boundaries of an industry refer to the geographic boundary lines that are drawn whether they are local, regional, national or global.SkyWest’s geographic boundaries are regional representing only small cities and also servicing major airlines through connecting flights. The partnerships with Delta and United had allowed expansion to current and new routes as well and additional departures. SkyWest was looking to expand more and through the acquisition with ASA they were allowed to expand geographically allowing them access to the East Coast markets and comprehensive national coverage that greatly expanded their scope of operations by adding regional jets to their fleets and a $1 billion to operations.We will now move on to discuss the market supply and demand conditions. Market Supply/Demand Conditions: The market supply and demand conditions changed greatly with the September 11, 2001 attack on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. The 9/11 attack prevented people from flying due to the fear of crashing which translated into huge losses in the major airlines. People feared the larger airlines more than the smaller regional jets due to the fact that they felt the larger planes to be more susceptible to terrorist attacks.They assumed that smaller regional airlines would not be a target for terrorism but still saw them to be less safe than the larger airplanes. The second condition affecting the market demand was the recession starting in late 2007 that continued throughout 2009. The beginning of the recession had negative effects on participant’s income statements and balance sheets resulting in airlines losses, bankruptcies and consolidations. The recession continued into 2008 and 2009 causing a dramatic downturn in the company’s financial performance.This economic downfall of 2008 and 2009 caused a decrease in the number of scheduled flights, and passenger traffics by 3%, with cargo revenues dropping as well. The airline industry is highly sensitive to fluctuations in the economy because of the significant portion of business and leisure travelers . The recession had lowered the overall demand for airline services not only to the regional but all airlines in the United States. The most recent recession in 2009 had a strong impact on the credit markets preventing airlines from getting the needed credit to acquire new aircraft.Other things affecting the market supply/demand conditions were the seasonal fluctuations that increased travel during summer months and decreased travel during the winter due to flight cancelations and delays due to inclement weather. The weather related flight cancellations represented a loss to 2,850 of its flights with a decrease in pretax income of about $5. 2 million. Next we will discuss the learning curve effects in the industry. Learning/experience curve effects:The learning curve effects of the industry were outlined in the training offered to help pilots and maintenance personnel keep up to date on the new safety and maintenance regulations as well as their skills. The vast majority of training was at training facilities for both the company pilots and maintenance personnel through a six-week program. The six-week training program proved to be very comprehensive and respected that it attracted tuition paying Federal Aviation Administration personnel. Next we will discuss their differential products. Differential Products:The differential products discussed in this case were the Bombardier Regional Jets and the Embraer and ATR Turboprops. The Bombardier region jets were the main regional gets used in the industry. These were larger commercial jets used to service longer-haul flights to the destinations up to 1,200 miles away, which allowed regional carriers to operate new longer routes and run shorter routes more efficiently. The other product discussed was the Embraer and ATR Turboprop which seats 30 passengers. This jet was used for short- to medium-haul flights and was able to land on shorter runways.Several travelers were unsure of riding on the turboprops due to the p erception of them being loud and uncomfortable. To accommodate travelers that wanted to ride a smaller jet with a more comfortable ride they created the Bombardier Q series turboprop that was equipped with noise and vibration reduction devices to help reduce the noise and vibration levels to those of a regional jet. In the next section we will define the driving forces for change in the industry. Driving Forces The driving forces are the factors that are driving the industry to make changes.These changes within the industry will have impacts on globalization, product and marketing innovation, technological change, changes in long-term growth rates and new government regulations. To start off we will discuss the impact on globalization. Globalization: SkyWest decided to go international with their business and started working with regional carriers in Europe, Latin America and China. The push to go global was due to the increased interest in airline business from people in Brazil and China. The people from these two geographic areas had pursued SkyWest to help them build their own airline within their geographic region.SkyWest agreed to help them train people, and organize from a 10- to 20 aircraft operation to a major regional carrier in countries that really needed a major regional carrier. Through globalizing their company SkyWest would be able to increase their purchasing power and help buys things at a lower rate. However, through the limitations the foreign governments would place on U. S. carriers, the opportunities by the international joint ventures would be limited. Now that we discussed the globalization driving factor we will go on to discuss the product and marketing innovation. Product and marketing innovation:The first product and marketing innovation is the Bombardier Regional Jets. The Bombardier regional jets originally serviced flights with destinations of up to 1,200 miles away. The new innovated Bombardier Jet has the quietest commercial je t available with a range of up to 1,600 miles. This larger regional jet offers many amenities including flight attendant service, stand-up cabin, overhead and under-seat storage, lavatories, and in-flight snack and beverage service. These jets were able to operate at lower costs then a 120-seat or larger jet aircraft due to its smaller size and efficient design.The other product and marketing innovation is the Embraer and ATR Turboprop, many travelers were not very interested in these smaller jets due to their noise level and uncomfortable seating. The new Embraer and ATR Turboprop has a 30 seat 120 turboprop and a 74 seat ATR 72 turboprops that are able to operate more economically over short-haul routes than the larger jet aircrafts. These smaller jets had comfort features such as stand-up headroom, a lavatory, overhead baggage compartments and flight attendant services.The smaller jets were more economically feasible making it possible to provide high frequency service in markets with relatively low volumes of passenger traffic. We will now go on to discuss the technological changes. Technological Changes: The technological changes taking place are the implementation of Stetson Quality Suite for Safety used to ensure their standards were meeting or exceeding their safety quality standards. The changes to the Bombardier and Embraer Jet to increase the overall quality and service of the jets in reference to their range of flight and the services offered to the staff and the customers boarding the flight.Other technological changes taking place are the new ways of communicating creating less need for travel. With the economy still being in a vulnerable position people are very sensitive to the price of a flight and try to find other means of commuting to their destination or communicating to that particular party. These technological changes have caused a decrease in the airline market due to price sensitivity that even business travelers are looking to save m oney. Next we will discuss the changes in the long-term growth rate. Changes in the long-term growth rate:The changes in the long-term growth rate started to increase when SkyWest partnered with Delta and United Express. The partnership had increased their annual growth rate to a compounded 29. 6%. This partnership had increased the number of flights from 1,500 to 2,300, and increased their departures to 2,400 to 208 cities per day by adding connection flight through their major airlines that serviced the United States, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean. With the increased flights there were new government regulations that were applied. In the next paragraph we will discuss those regulations. New Government regulations:New Government regulations were in effect immediately after the 9/11 attack to ensure safety to the passengers by increasing the security regulations. The increased security also increased operational costs to the airline carriers due to the increased safety regulation s. The last increase that took place was the increased jet fuel cost, due to the economic recession in mid-2008. All these changes lead to a decrease in ticket sales due to fear of flying post 9/11 attack, and the incurred costs of flying in response to the threat of rising fuel costs. The next section will talk about the industry’s key success factors.Key Success factors: The key success factors are the competitive factors that most affect industry members’ ability to prosper in the marketplace. Different types of key success factors can be technology related, manufacturing related, distribution related, marketing related and skills and capability related. Technology related: The technology related key success factors that the SkyWest Inc. was defined by how they were able to acquire new aircraft. Regional airlines were required to find the needed capital and financing to increase the size of their fleets to service the longer routes being outsourced by the major airl ines.This had to be done without compromising their scope contracts with labor. SkyWest was able to overcome that by joining with ASA to acquire new aircraft. The next factors to success being discussed are the Manufacturing and Distribution related key success factors. Manufacturing/Distribution related: SkyWest’s manufacturing and or distribution related key success factors are defined by the ability to get their passengers to their destination on time. SkyWest was able to maximize their on-time arrivals by successfully getting all of their flyers to their sites on-time and making sure they did not miss their connecting flights as well.This gave them a good reputation with their customers in increasing satisfaction, naming them one of the highest rated regional carriers for on-time arrivals. Marketing-related The regional airline industry related its marketing key success factors to how they were able to maintain a strong safety image. In order to keep up with images of fly ing SkyWest increased safety standards and regulations to develop a much more safer image for those that were skeptical about flying smaller flights especially after the 9/11 attack.Passengers were unsure of the safety of the smaller jets preventing them from flying with the regional airlines, but after more safety had been implemented and other procedures had taken place to ensure everything was up to code they were able to maintain this strong image to passengers to ensure their safety when flying. Skills and capability-related SkyWest’s skills and capabilities were expressed in how they were able to maintain high levels of customer service. Typically regional airlines were not known for their customer service due to a large number of mishandled uggage that happened when transferring luggage from one plane to the next and an increased number of cancelled flights due to inclement weather. Most of these issues were not directly related to the regional due to their partnership s that handed all of their scheduling and majors taking priority in runways. SkyWest was able to maintain an average number of mishandled baggage, the second lowest number of involuntary denied boarding’s and the fourth in number of complaints per 100,00o passengers.This put them at the top to be named the Regional Airline Company of the Year for on-time arrivals by the Department of Transportation multiple times. Five Forces Model of Competition The five forces model evaluates the industries competition based on their level of Rivalry, threat of new entry, substitutes, bargaining power of buyers and bargaining power of suppliers to be either strong, moderate or weak. We will first discuss the first and most powerful of the five forces of competition; rivalry. Rivalry: Competition in the U. S. irline industry is very strong with their being a large number of competitors in the regional airlines. The success of low-cost carriers such as Southwest Airlines and JetBlue has incre ased the pressure on airlines to compete on price to attract sufficient numbers of passengers to keep flights full. In some regards, major airlines use contracts with regional carriers to keep costs and airfares low. Therefore, contracts for regional service are awarded by major carriers are to those having the lowest prices and reliable service. The overall rivalry in the airline industry is strong.Threat of new entry: The Threat of entry into the regional airline is define by the barriers to entry that include costs of acquiring a fleet of aircraft, acquiring contracts with major airline partners, and low industry profitability. Although the capital required to start up a modestly-sized small regional airline is fairly small, entering at a scale large enough to create a competitive threat requires substantial resources. The major threat of entry comes from major carriers which have the resources to start up their own regional airline. This threat is only moderate because the trend is for ajors airlines to sell off their regional airline operations and contract out service to regional carriers. Substitutes: Since regional airlines service short routes, passengers have more alternatives such as bus, automobile, or train travel than they do for long distance travel. This is particularly true when passengers are traveling only a few hundred miles. However, for major carriers that utilize regional carriers to execute hub and spoke strategies, there are few alternatives that they can use other than operating their own regional carrier.Substitutes are a weak to moderate force in the industry. Bargaining Power of Buyers: In the airline industry there are two types of customers; Leisure and business travelers. The business travelers tend to make up most of the market because they used the regional airlines to commute to and from locations that were considered too far to drive. They were also the most profitable because the larger customers purchased flights that were bought at a premium due to their short-notice or unexpected plan for flight.The Second type of buyers in the market were the leisure travelers that was a much smaller group of buyers because they traveled less often and were more price sensitive to the ticket sales. With their being several airline businesses in the industry all offering the same service, switching costs for tickets from airline to another tend to be very high. Airline industries have a fixed price on airline tickets preventing from buyers being able to bargain a lower price. Since most if not all customers search airline tickets based on price this makes the bargaining powers of buyers in the industry to be weak to moderate.Bargaining Power of Suppliers: In the regional airline industry there are two main types of suppliers Brazil’s Empresa Brasilerira de Aeronautica SA and Bombardier. With their only being two different types of suppliers in the regional airline industry that have two differentiated produc ts, makes the demand for them to be very high. Since these are the only two for the regional airlines it makes the bargaining power of suppliers to be very strong allowing them to change higher prices without losing their service to another manufacturer. 3-Internal AnalysisSWOT Analysis The SWOT analysis is an incredibly useful tool that helps review and analyzes the company’s current strategy. The SWOT analysis also identifies a potentially new direction for the company’s strategy to go. SWOT stands for strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats. Strength and weaknesses generally relate to factors that are internal to the organization, while opportunities and weakness in contrast often relates to factors that are external to the organization. We will now analyze SkyWest, Inc. using the SWOT analysis. Strengths:A company’s strength is something that the company is good at doing, or an attribute that enhances its competitiveness in the marketplace. SkyWest le ads the industry in safety and maintenance by being a pillar in the industry for seeking safety prevention, and leading by example and getting involved to help the community overall be safer. SkyWest also has good statistics for safety and for on-time arrivals along with other factors that affect customer satisfaction. For years 2004 through 2009 SkyWest had the highest percentage for scheduled flights arriving on time.They also were second for the least amount of involuntary denied boarding’s. SkyWest also has a high level of employee satisfaction due to its workforce being nonunion. SkyWest owns jets like the Bombardier regional jet or the Embraer and ATR turboprops that are more economical and cost-efficient but also have speed that is comparable to those of larger jets; and they even have many of the same features that larger jets offer. A significant strength is that SkyWest has experienced a compounded annual growth rate of 29. 6 percent from 2003 to 2008.A key strength for SkyWest’s success is its ability to secure partnerships that expand its geographic and customer base. Now that we have completed analyzing SkyWest’s strengths we can take move on to analyzing their weaknesses. Weaknesses: A weakness is something a company lacks or does poorly; in comparison to competitors or a condition that puts the company at a competitive disadvantage. One weakness is SkyWest’s poor relationship with Delta Airlines which was caused by their disagreement over their contract and whether or not Delta owed SkyWest $25 million dollars.This inhibits SkyWest’s ability to fully function within that partnership, and of course being short changed $25 million dollars is also a significant loss. Another factor that contributes to SkyWest’s weaknesses was once considered a strength; SkyWest’s partnership with Midwest. After partnering together for two years Midwest filed for bankruptcy leaving a messy wind-down process for both c ompanies, which undoubtedly will take a toll on SkyWest’s competitive advantage. Unfortunately that’s not where the mess ends; in 2009, Midwest was purchased by Republic, a larger company that is considered a direct competitor of SkyWest.Another strategic issue for SkyWest is the fact that because they partner with larger airlines and even though their own statistics for safety and for on-time arrivals along with other factors that affect customer satisfaction are either average or above average, from the customer’s point of view they are connected with the major carriers. Therefore the larger airlines statistics are intertwined with their own; which, results in customers perceiving a poor reputation for customer service; mishandling baggage, canceling flights, delayed flights for both carriers.Another weakness caused by customer’s perceptions is that customers typically perceive that the planes regional carriers use are small, uncomfortable, noisy, and a lso unsafe. Now that we have finished evaluating SkyWest’s weakness, we can now move on to analyze opportunities. Finally the last weakness we will go over is the scope clauses with United ; Delta Airlines. In the labor contracts with their pilots union it is spelled out the maximum size of airplane that an outside partner can operate. This limits the size of aircrafts to 70-seat and 76-seat aircrafts.This translates into a limited amount of ticket sales which means its limiting profits and market share and the number of flights a company could support. Now that we have evaluated the different factors that put SkyWest at a disadvantage we will take a look at the external factors; starting with opportunities. Opportunities: Opportunities are found within the external environment and arise when a company can take advantage of current circumstances or changes in the environment to gain a competitive advantage and become more profitable. Generally the best opportunities are the o nes that match with your company’s strategic goals.One opportunity for SkyWest is with more and more major carriers that start outsourcing a portion of their routes to regional airlines this creates an opportunity for SkyWest to build those relationships and eventually become partners with those major airlines, giving SkyWest a chance to expand and grab more market share. Another opportunity for SkyWest to expand its market share is with United ; Delta Airlines filing for chapter 11 this creates a short window of opportunity for SkyWest to serve those customers and to do it with great service and low prices building an expanded loyal customer base.Another opportunity that SkyWest needs to watch the horizon for is if the scope cause liberation were to be approved it would create an opportunity for SkyWest to increase the number of routes flown in contract with other airlines and the seat capacity of those routes. It would be a wise decision to spend time making plans that coul d be quickly executed should the scope cause liberation get approved. It’s important to keep an eye on the horizon watching for changing technology, government policies, or social trends that way the company can respond quickly and seize the opportunity to gain the competitive advantage.A changing external environment doesn’t only mean possible opportunities it also means possible threats. We will now examine SkyWest’s possible threats. Threats: Threats are factors in a company’s external environment that pose a threat to the company’s profitability and competitive well-being. The 2007 economic recession is an example of a threat that many people did not see, because of this many industries including the airline industry suffered.Some people believe that we still have not fully felt the aftershocks of the recession and because the airline Industry is highly sensitive to the economy as a significant portion of travel; both leisure and business trave lers, are discretionary, it is still a potential threat. Another threat to the airline industry is the increasing costs for jet fuel and its general availability. This can have a crippling effect on a company’s profitability and threatens their overall business operations. Fuel expenses already account for 35-50 percent of an airlines operation cost in 2009.Another external threat is if either new or changes are made to the ASA Regulation for either weather related factors or safety inspections. Both would increase costs and could threaten the success and the competitive advantage of SkyWest, which in turn could lead to decreased customer satisfaction and fewer sales. Since SkyWest is a regional carrier they need to keep a careful watch not only on how they are performing but also how their major carriers whom they have partnerships with are performing.If a major carrier were to file for bankruptcy it would most certainly threaten SkyWest with loss of customers and profits an d could lead them to follow suit and file for bankruptcy as well. Another threat that could affect regional carriers in the industry is if two major carriers merge the result would most likely be consolidating of routes and possibly completely shutting down smaller hubs, which as we have explained would also affect their regional partners. Financial assessment Ratios: Financial data is important to analyze as it provides the concrete results as for how the company’s strategy is performing.Ratio analysis is often used to determine a company’s financial position. Ratio analysis breaks down into 5 key subgroups; profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, leverage ratios, activity ratios, and finally share-holder ratios. We will break down each one of these types of ratios starting with profit ratio. It should be noted that analyzing the individual companies financial performance alone, is not a complete analysis. To have a complete analysis, the ratios should be compared aga inst the industry’s average; however, we will not be covering that in our assessment with SkyWest. Profitability ratios:Profitability ratios generally tell us how well the company is using their resources efficiently. One of the several profitability ratios is the Operating profit margin. This ratio tells us how much profit is earned on each dollar of sales before paying interest charges and income taxes. | 2004| 2005| 2006| 2007| 2008| Operating Income| 144776| 220408| 339160| 344524| 255231| Total Operating Revenue| 1156044| 1964048| 3114656| 3374332| 3496249| Operating Profit Margin| 0. 1252| 0. 1122| 0. 1089| 0. 1021| 0. 0730| Here we see that the operating profit margin has been declining, while the total operating revenue is increasing.This can be interpreted as less money is being made on each dollar of sale. When looking at the operating profit margin ratio higher is better and you want to see an upward trend, since we don’t see that it is cause for concern and should be looked into. Liquidity ratios: Now let’s look into the liquidity ratios. Liquidity ratios measure a company’s ability to pay off short-term obligations by using their liquid assets, one of these ratios is the current ratio. The current ratio tells us how much of the company’s short-term obligation can be covered by using and converting their liquid assets. 12/31/2008| 12/31/2007| Current Assets| 125,892| 122,802| Current Liabilities| 129,783| 118,202| Current Ratio:| 0. 9700| 1. 0389| SkyWest’s current ratio had a small decrease from 2007 to 2008. For 2007 their ratio was 1. 04, and for 2008 it decreased to . 97. The ratio should be higher than 1, however what an acceptable ratio is depends on the type of industry as it varies. The fact that their ratio is decreasing could suggest impending insolvency. However to accurately analyze we would need to compare the current ratio to other companies in the airline industry. Leverage ratios:Next we wil l move on to analyze leverage ratios. Leverage ratios are concerned with the balance between debt and equity. One of the leverage ratios is the debt-to asset ratio. The debt-to asset ratio measure the extent to which borrowed funds have been used to finance the firm’s operations and investments. | 2007| 2008| Total Debt| 3990525| 4014291| Total Assests| 3990525| 4014291| Debt-to assets ratio| 1| 1| Here we see that for both 2007 and 2008 the debt-to asset ratio equals 1; however this is a cause for concern. It would be better if the debt-to assets ratio were a low fraction.A low fraction would indicate that the firm less debt then assets and therefor does not have a high risk of bankruptcy occurring. Activity Ratios: Another area to analyze is how effectively a company is managing its assets this group is called activity ratios. An example of an activity ratio is the inventory turnover ratio; which takes the cost of goods sold divided by the inventory to determine the number of times the inventory is turned over and whether they are carrying excess stock. One example of an activity ratio is the average collection ratio. | 2007| 2008| Accounts receivables| 81216| 55458|Total Sales (Total Revenue)| 3374332| 3496249| Average collection period| 8. 7851| 5. 7897| This measurement indicates the average length of time it takes SkyWest to receive a cash payment after making the sale. The shorter amount of time is optimal. From 2007 to 2008 SkyWest shortened the amount of time by almost 3 days, bringing it to roughly 6 days. Other important measures of financial performance: The last category is kind of a miscellaneous category; however this category is sometimes referred to as the shareholder-return ratio because many of the ratios measure the return earned by shareholders from holding stock in the company.There are other measures as well like the internal cash flow measurement. This measures how much cash a company’s business is generating after paying operating expenses, interest, and taxes (often referred to as NIAT). Years| 2004| 2005| 2006| 2007| 2008| Net income| $81,952 | $112,267 | $145,806 | $159,192 | $112,929 | Depreciation| $76,817 | $115,275 | $189,885 | $208,944 | $220,195 | NIAT| $158,769 | $227,542 | $335,691 | $368,136 | $333,124 | – Key Decisions 1. One of the main points the case covers is the state of the global and national economy. As previously discussed the airline industry and its success is highly correlated with the state of the economy. 2. Another main point that SkyWest should be concerned with is their ability to attract and retain partnerships. Its already been established that SkyWest’s relationship with Delta has been changed to â€Å"it’s complicated† over the disagreement of 25 million dollars unpaid and not going after Delta in a lawsuit for the unpaid money for fear of losing their partnership and connected business.As Delta Airlines contributed 59. 9% of SkyWest†™s customer capacity. Also their previous partnership with Midwest Airlines which then filed for bankrupt and later was purchased by a direct competitor, which could become larger and more capable; threatening SkyWest’s future. 3. Another issue plaguing SkyWest is the impact of high fuel prices. It is estimated that 30-50% of total costs are from the costs of fuel. This in conjunction with the scope clauses that limit the size of planes SkyWest can operate increases the costs and amount of fuel needed. . The Last problem the case covers is the issue of government legislation and regulations and the effect it has on the airline industry. Safety regulations and labor contracts that limit the number of passenger’s pilots can fly. Along with the issue of planes being grounded to perform safety inspections or the proposals of new legislation like the regulation that was going to require they provide oxygen for passengers that would have added a significant amount of addit ional costs. 5- Alternatives 1.Economy: Clearly one cannot control the state of the economy, but if SkyWest continues to take advantage of their strengths and repair weakness that are due to partner companies’ poor customer service, human resources and low profits they are likely to be successful when the economy is doing better. While the economic recession continues SkyWest should attempt to renegotiate their agreements with their major carrier partners and cancel flights, when capacity is low, in order to reduce their costs.They need to make sure they maintain competitive prices and not just meet customer’s expectations but also exceed them, this will lead to a stronger customer loyalty hopefully keeping SkyWest out of the red. 2. Partnerships: SkyWest needs to continue to develop their partnerships with major carriers to further diversify the amount of major partners, which would ultimately reduce the risk of being dependent on Delta and United. Also combining effo rts would reduce the companies overhead. . Fuel costs: The rising costs and fluctuations in fuel price pose a significant risk as they are the largest chunk of operation costs for the airline industry. SkyWest should plan their routes to maximize their fuel efficiency along with again trying to renegotiate their agreements with their major carrier partners to permit flying larger size planes with more seating capacity; which would therefor create larger economies of scale. 4.Regulations: SkyWest needs to continue to pay close attention to union activity within the ASA Corporation and also continue to avoid labor unions and instead focus on employees through effective benefit packages and employee engagement. 6- Recommended Decisions 1. SkyWest airlines considerably has cash in had it could make a risky move by starting to serve in new countries since they are already exposed to some of the foreign destinations it would not be a bad idea but they must be prepared to face new competit ors.This would help the company to offer more international connecting flights and strengthen the operations that already exists for instance in Canada. 2. As we discussed before as a whole the industry is enjoying an accumulated revenue, so at this point making new partnerships may increase the revenue share of SkyWest Airlines and this would help the company to face the unknown future challenges and lessen its affect to SkyWest airlines since the economy is not steady. . Even though SkyWest is well known for being the best at safety of the services rendered it should invest more on researches with the other industry competitors so they could split the cost and enjoy the benefits (joint research agreements). This would help the SkyWest to keep up to the new regulations that is set by FAA, TSA and DOT. 4. In the first quarter of 2009 they had a SkyWest had a revenue loss of $7. million which was merely by ASA because of poor maintains and inefficiency of the flights. Management shou ld take initiatives to reduce these types of inefficiency and integrate a successful system for sustainable growth of the company. 5. SkyWest Inc. should be concerned with the route maps and they should look for opportunities that could potentially help them to expand route coverage with the existing partnerships or to get into new business agreements with new partners. . Management should work closely with the finance department to cut down fuel and maintains cost to earn more revenues in the volatile economy. For instance management should be working together with finance department on hedging for fuel, and they could get into partnerships with smaller companies in the industry to share maintains cost rather than a large air carrier where SkyWest’s needs wouldn’t be considered upon a larger company.

Final Project

Final Project Part 2(Worth 20% of your grade) Student Name: James Keys Class/Section: CMIS 102 Professor Name: Jose Romero Assignment due date: 11/4/12 // Which State. cpp #include â€Å"stdafx. h† #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main() { int x = 0; int found = 0; int count=0; float sum; float average; int age[10]; string name[10]; string Find_State = â€Å"†; string state[10]; string state_abbr[10]; bool okay = true; do { cout << â€Å"Enter the family member's name. Type ‘done' when complete. ;lt;;lt; endl; cin ;gt;;gt; name[count]; if ( name[count] == â€Å"DONE† || name[count]==†done†) { okay = false; break; } cout ;lt;;lt; â€Å"Enter family member's age† ;lt;;lt; endl; cin ;gt;;gt; age[count]; cout ;lt;;lt; â€Å"Which state is † ;lt;;lt; name[count] ;lt;;lt; † from? Type in CA, NY, TX, VA, VT? † ;lt;;lt; endl; cin ;gt;;gt; state[count]; if ( state[count] ==  "CA† || state[count] == â€Å"ca†) { state[count] = â€Å"California†; state_abbr[count] = â€Å"CA†; }else if (state[count]==†TX† || state[count] == â€Å"tx†) { state[count] = â€Å"Texas†; tate_abbr[count] = â€Å"TX†; } else if (state[count]==†VA† || state[count] == â€Å"va†) { state[count] = â€Å"Virginia†; state_abbr[count] = â€Å"VA†; } else if (state[count]==†NY† || state[count] == â€Å"ny†) { state[count] = â€Å"New York†; state_abbr[count] = â€Å"NY†; } else if (state[count]==†VT† || state[count] == â€Å"vt†) { state[count] = â€Å"Vermont†; state_abbr[count] = â€Å"VT†; } else { cout ;lt;;lt; â€Å"I don't understand!! † ;lt;;lt; endl; count–; } count++; } while (okay || count ! = 10); char yn=' ‘; do { cout << â€Å"Do you wish to list people living in a certain state? << en dl; cin >> yn; if ( yn == ‘Y') { cout << â€Å"Enter the state abbreviation : â€Å"; cin >> Find_State; for (x=0;x<count;x++) if (state_abbr[x] == Find_State) { cout << name[x] << † lives in † << state[x] << endl; found++; } if (! found) { cout << â€Å"Couldn't find anyone living in the state of † << Find_State << â€Å". † << endl; } } else if ( yn == ‘N') cout << â€Å"Okay, we'll continue on!! † << endl << endl; break; } while (yn ! ‘Y' || yn ! = ‘N'); sum = 0. 0; average = 0. 0; for ( x=0;x<count;x++) { sum = sum + age[x]; } average = sum/count; cout << endl << endl << â€Å"The average age of your family is † << average << † years old. † << endl << endl; cout << â€Å"The entered data was :† << endl << endl; for ( x=0; x < count ;x++) { cout << name[x] << † lives in † << state[x] << † and is † << age[x] << † years old. † << endl; } return 0;

Analysis of sexuality as liberator in The Company of Wolves Essays

Analysis of sexuality as liberator in The Company of Wolves Essays Analysis of sexuality as liberator in The Company of Wolves Paper Analysis of sexuality as liberator in The Company of Wolves Paper Under the Wolfs Skin The wolf is carnivore incarnate and hes as cunning as he is ferocious; once hes had a taste of flesh then nothing else will do quotes Angela Carter, in her reimagining of the classic fairy tale Little Red Riding Hood in her short story The Company of Wolves. The original tale by Charles Perrault served as a thinly veiled cautionary tale for young women to suppress their sexuality which comes in the form of the wolf, and submit to the servile situations, or else they come to a bad end. In Carters version though, she turns the tale on its head and does the opposite; Angela Carters tory states that sexuality can neither be stigmatized nor evaded, as it is biological. She talks of how the women were taught to fear their sexuality, to run away from it as if the devil himself was pursuing behind. If you spy a naked man among the pines, you must run as if the Devil were after you. The image of a naked man (signifying sexual desire) is transposed on that of a raving beast who is to be eluded or escaped from. The reference to the Devil too perhaps isnt entirely unplanned. What better way to impose iron-clad chastity on women if not reminding them of the Devil in tandem with sexual desire, the ultimate forbidden fruit? However, as Carter puts it, the wolves have ways of arriving at your own hearthside. We try and we try but sometimes we cannot keep them out and this is perhaps the best example of Carters allusion to the attempt at repressing human sexuality. Like the wolves, she states, the desire ends up dogging at your heels, no matter how much a person might attempt to keep it out. This blatant attempt on the authors part is an attempt at restructuring the roles of the women so that they are more than Just set in their gender roles which teaches them sexuality is to be reviled or feared; sheltered in ne form or another for centuries, out of which they are beginning to emerge. Thus, in The Company of Wolves the author uses the wolf as a metaphor for sexual desire as a tool of independence for women. She uses the proverbial wolf as a sexual liberator to show the women embracing or attempting to embrace independence through sexuality by eschewing gender specific roles and by having them avow their independence by celebrating their sexuality without servility or shame. Carter uses the wolf as the sexual liberator by showing women who embrace or, attempt to mbrace their sexuality in a bid for independence from patriarchal society. In the first part of Carters story, the narrator speaks of a woman who was bitten in her own kitchen while straining the macaroni. Previous to this anecdote, as well as after it, the story stays well ensconced in the past, separating the reader from it. This image of a woman straining macaroni however, manages to Jar the reader into the present day, in which it is the rare person who fears wolves (or, their sexuality). Rather, fears of rape, murder and robbery are in abundance. Yet we find that it is the woman, deeply nsconced in her social role as a woman, in this modern day and age who fall victim the kitchen, the very symbol of servile shackles that Carter reviles. Thus, when she is bitten by the wolf, she is in accordance to the law of the lycanthropes transformed into a wolf herself. A wolf who we see is described as The wolf is carnivore incarnate and hes as cunning as he is ferocious; once hes had a taste of flesh then nothing else will do. From the lines it can be inferred that wolf is an elemental, sexual creature that is beyond societal trappings of proprieties. When the taste of flesh trikes, nothing can hold it back. In Christianity, the word flesh is used in English as a metaphor to describe sinful tendencies. A related turn of phrase identifies certain sins as carnal sins, from Latin caro, carnis, meaning flesh in the King Jamess Bible; For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world. (1 John 2:16) Therefore, it can be agreed that taste of flesh may mean sexual desire. This very desire which liberates her from the role she had been well ensconced in, introducing to her to a rand new role of the aggressor in the form of the wolf who would spread desire through her bite rather than the meek, subservient female in the kitchen passively waiting for something. The wolf or, her desire introduces her to danger and passion, of walking outside the realm of sexual proprieties as decided upon by the society, instead of the mundane of routine like macaroni washing. Through this woman Angela Carter shows women bound in servitude of one form or another, those confined to their limiting roles can be, and are attacked by the wolf, as if desire at rodding at them to break free, finally manages to make them do so, even after years of oppression at times. Thus, it can be understood this wolf can be the sexual liberator that can at least make women try and embrace independence through their sexuality. Another example of such an act of independence through a womans sexuality would be the tale of the witch. The witch whose lover had spurned her for another woman turned an entire wedding party into wolves and used to order them to visit her, at night, from spite, and they would sit and howl around her cottage for her, serenading her with their misery. The author again uses the word wolf as an allusion for sexuality. The witch, instead of succumbing to the set gender-sexual paradigm, where she is to revile her sexuality now that a man had chosen another woman over her, casts a spell instead. She turns the wedding party into wolves perhaps becomes the object of their desire using her feminine wiles, regardless of their sexual orientation and breaks out of the mold of playing untutored victim. Rather she entraps them sexually, willing them to come to her over and over again allowing the character to depart from the usual gender role of a woman. Also, the author uses the metaphorical wolf of sexual desire to describe women who shun gender-specific roles and celebrate their independence through sexuality. Therefore, in her story Angela Carter uses the wolf or the sexual desire to embody a change the kind we see in the girl in the red hood. Through the wolf we see Angela Carter introducing a breed of women who revel in their sexuality without shame. The girl signifying Little Red Riding Hood is young -she is a sealed vessel she is a closed system; she does not know how to shiver. (6) The girl therefore is spared of the ultural conditioning of shaming and shunning of the female sexuality and is therefore more open to change. She comes across the huntsman and we immediately reach her grandmothers cottage before her, which she accepts. Upon arrival, when she realizes that things werent the way they should be, we see that the girl shunning all that she was ever taught, and, since her fear did her no good, she ceased to be afraid. He is the sum of all she had been taught to fear, and yet she gives him the kiss owed, and begins to take off her clothing and throw it into the fire, symbolically bandoning all she had ever been taught regarding repressing her sexuality. When she comments on his teeth, and he reminds her that they are they are there to eat her with, we do not see him scream in fear like the original Red Riding Hood. She knows that she has nothing to fear, that she knew she was nobodys meat. She laughed at him full in the face, she ripped off his shirt for him and flung it into the fire. It is here we see the powers shift; the girl embraces her sexuality within the wolf, instead of fearing it. We find her freely exercising her sexuality and desire as he sees fit. She relies solely on these for protection, and for salvation. Looking at the story even in its most basic, we do not find her imploring to God or bowing down in servitude to a man. Rather, she embraces her own nature and, see! Sweet and sound she sleeps in grannys bed, between the paws of the tender wolf. That not only saves her, but helps her discover herself as an equal, in bed with her desire rather than haunted by it, or shamed by it afterwards. The wolf therefore ends up signifying the young womans stepping out of her socio-cultural taboos such as ender-role, religion and morality, and the its role in her celebration of her sexuality, without guilt. Of course, it can be argued that the wolf instead of a sexual liberator can instead be a commentary on the parallel between men and wolves. She portrays men as the carnivore incarnate repetitively and shows them as savage, lusty, rabid beings that are all starving. Statements such as once hes had the taste of flesh, nothing else will do and worst of all he cannot listen to reason are frightening in context and leave no room for question in this blatant link between the wild wolves nd the male sex. Thus, it can be argued that instead of the role of the sexual liberator, the wolf plays the role of a rabid, but manageable social construct; men who are only appeased by immaculate flesh yet, a girl could lay his fearful head on her lap. Here we can see, I suppose, where postmodern feminism confronts the violence inherent in these narratives that construct and regulate gender and sexuality, exposing misleading totalities inherent in fairy tales, myths, and other such dominant narratives (B rooke 18). Yet, despite the arguments raised, the role of the olf as a sexual liberator still stands strong. Taking into account the cases of the woman bitten and thus, introduced to independence through her sexual desires, the witch who embraced her sexuality and independence, and even the young woman implementing her sexuality to proclaim her independence, is a stronger account of the wolf standing for a positive change. In Carters The Company of Wolves the wolf itself signifies feminine independence and deviation from patriarchal role through sexuality and the change is certainly a positive one and the arguments given more han meets the ones that can be raised against the set definition given. To conclude, Angela Carters The Company of Wolves is a feminist restructuring of an old moralistic tale warning women of their sexuality. She rewrites it so that instead of being haunted by the proverbial wolf of their sexuality here the females attempt to role and, to enjoy their sexuality without servility or shame. The wolf of desire isnt something to be reviled, loathed or to run away from. Rather, like the young girl, Angela Carter wants women to embrace their liberation and take their destiny in their own hands. She wants them to use the power of their sexuality without shame or fear and, like Red to survive the encounter with the savage wolf unscathed. Angela Carter wants women to welcome their independence with open arms and The Company of Wolves is her way of declaring the separation from cookie cutter gender roles of women as non-sexual beings driven by others decisions to sexually independent ones capable of making choices of their own. Work Cited Brooke, Patricia. Lions and Tigers and Wolves Oh My! Reversionary Fairy Tales in the Work of Angela Carter Critical Survey. Berghahn Books. Jstor. November 2013 Jstor. org/stable/41 55725 Carter, Angela. The Company of Wolves. The Bloody Chamber. Victor Gollancz Ltd. 1979. Litgothic. 20 November 2013 http:// www. litgothic. com/PDFOther/carter_company_wolves. pdf Film. In the Company of Wolves. April 18, 2005. 10 November 2013 The Holy Bible, King James Version. New York: Oxford Edition: 1769; King James Bible Online, 2008. 1 December 2013 http:// www. king]amesbibleonline. org/. Perrault, Charles. Little Red Riding Hood Tales from Perraul 1697. Pitt. 15 November 2013. pitt. edu/†dash/ type0333. html#perrault

How to Survive Your Upcoming Panel Interview

How to Survive Your Upcoming Panel Interview You’ve just been told your interview won’t be a one-on-one or series of individual interviews, but a panel interview instead. Maybe it’s your first panel interview. Maybe they just freak you out and throw you off your game. It can be intimidating going before the â€Å"firing squad,† so to speak. But don’t be intimidated. Think of this as an opportunity to convince more decision makers of how good a fit you are. Get as many of them on your side as you can. It’s a much more efficient use of time! But if the rapid fire scenario still frightens you and your nerves are daunted by the extra pressure, here are 7 strategies for how to prepare and sail through.1. Do your homework.Think about the preparation required for a normal interview, then multiply that by the number of people on the panel, at least. Figure out, first of all, who is going to be on your panel. You can ask the recruiter or hiring manager for names and titles; this is standard prac tice and will help you better assess what might be most important to each. Find out as much as you can about their roles, successes, career backgrounds. Think about the questions each one might be likely to ask and then prepare great answers.Then, go through your resume to make sure you don’t need to explain away any gaps or oddities. And then rehearse. Have friends or family fire questions at you, so you can practice answering them, and addressing each questioner by name.2. Look smart.Show up 10 minutes early (you should do this anyway, but wasting four or 10 people’s time is much worse than just one). Wear something professional and make sure your appearance is well-groomed and neat. Consult the company’s dress policy and err on the side of caution. Try a dark, smart suit if in doubt.Present yourself with confidence and keep your body language open. Don’t fidget. Sit up straight, smile, and don’t forget to breathe. Remember to make eye contact wi th questioners when answering. And then make sure your confidence level doesn’t spill over into arrogance.3. Build rapport.Once you get a sense of the room, start getting comfortable, and make sure everyone else is comfortable too. Answer each question directly to the person who asked it, but find a way to broaden out your answer at the end and address the group. Show how you can engage the room, build up a sense of teamwork and camaraderie. Put people (i.e. customers/coworkers) at ease. Remember to keep each member of the panel in mind with each answer. Don’t exclude the rest of the panel to answer one question too narrowly or directly.4. Control the pace.The rapid-fire situation only has to be overwhelming if you let it. Remember, you can control the pace of the conversation. You are well within your rights to pause before answering a question. Get to the point quickly, keep your answers brief, and don’t get bogged down. This will help you get your answers out before the next question comes your way.If you get cut off before you finish, immediately ask yourself whether what you were going to say was important enough to persist. If not, move on. If yes, politely say you’d like to just share one final thought on the previous question, then move on.5. Prepare for follow-ups.Just as in a normal interview, you will probably get follow-up questions to your answers in a panel interview situation. Do your best to prepare for this as you usually would, taking into account ways you can broaden your follow-up answers to engage more of the group.6. Make connections.Whenever possible, connect your answers to other questions or other answers during the interview. This shows that you are constantly tracking the bigger picture, and making connections. Don’t underestimate how impressive comments that link back to other comments can be to the panel and its individual members.7. Follow up.Thank each member of the panel individually whenever p ossible, with a firm handshake, eye contact, and a genuine smile. Then send personalized thank you notes- preferably handwritten- to each, and promptly. Gather up as many business cards as possible- this will help with thank yous and with future networking.

Top 15 upcoming jobs to look out for this fall

Top 15 upcoming jobs to look out for this fall The summer is almost over, and it’s time to start thinking about packing away the swimsuit and pulling the business-wear back out of the closet. If you don’t already have a job lined up for this coming fall- or are thinking that it might be time for a career change- you don’t have to worry that nothing’s out there. Quite a few industries are thriving, and looking to hire this fall. Here are 15 of them. 1. HealthcarePeople are always going to get sick or injured- that’s just a fact of life. The upside of this unfortunate reality is that the healthcare industry will always need people to help treat the constant inflow of patients. Registered nurses are currently needed more than any other healthcare professionals, but there are also plenty of openings for licensed vocational and practical nurses, as well as physical therapists. For those who have nursing degrees, the job market is pretty rich at the moment.2. SalesYou don’t need a degree to go into sales, just a strong drive to serve customers and the ability to make whatever you’re selling desirable. If you have a knack for convincing consumers that they simply cannot live without Apple’s latest iPhone, you’re in luck, because telecommunication sales is particularly hot right now. The best positions offer both an hourly wage and commissions.3. ManagementSalespeople and other business associates need some guidance to do their jobs. That’s where management comes in. Of course, management is not only needed in the retail sector. Medical managers, health services managers, and marketing managers are also very much in demand at the moment.4. Office and administrative support workIt’s a good time to be in administration. New positions for office and administrative support workers are opening at a break-neck pace, especially in big cities such as New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles. Customer service representatives, executive secretaries, offic e-worker supervisors, and executive administrative assistants are in high demand to keep business rolling smoothly. Monster.com recently added more than 388,000 listings for admin professionals, so it’s a great time to be one.5. AccountingAccounting may not be the most exciting profession in the world, but these cagy number crunchers are needed in a number of industries this fall. One reason for the high number of accounting positions is the abundance of new companies that started up in the wake of the economic collapse a decade ago. Those relatively new companies are still on the lookout for help in their accounting departments, and brand new companies are kicking into gear all the time, which means that accounting jobs should be abundant for some time.6. Personal financial servicesAlthough we’re a decade removed from the financial collapse, the economy is still working its way onto its feet and people are still very much in need of advice regarding the most sensible way to handle their money in the current climate. Financial planners help people at all economic levels to manage their money. They help the rich stay rich and the less fortunate to keep their heads above water, and they are very necessary these days.7. ConsultingThe rise in new businesses has also increased the demand for consultants. They’re the people who offer sage advice for running businesses as efficiently as possible. They offer suggestions on making the most of personnel, managing clients effectively, and other key moves.8. Call centersAnother industry on the rise is the call center business. More and more, customer service is being handled over the phone. Call center workers both help customers with problems and handle sales. Initially, this kind of work tended to get outsourced, but public outcry has resulted in call centers opening up in the United States. Those with traditional sales and customer service experience may decide to put their skills to use at one of these new domestic call centers. The jobs are definitely out there.9. TransportationThe popularity of online sales is one reason that call center work is thriving these days. The online retail industry has also created a high demand for the delivery people who transport the products purchased through Amazon, Fresh Direct, and other online companies. That means truckers and other drivers should have a fairly easy time getting work these days. Those who are interested in transporting people instead of goods may find work for companies such as Lyft and Uber.10. Computer supportThe twenty-first century’s decisive move to an online environment means that all manner of computer-related industries continue to enjoy boon times. Like call center work, computer support work used to be outsourced to high degree, but this is also changing. IT is coming home again.11. SoftwareOur reliance on the Internet also means that the demand for new software developments is constant without any sign of decline in the near future. With new computing systems, devices, apps, and gadgets popping up on a seemingly daily basis, those who can develop new software for such technologies are vital.12. Food preparation and serviceWhile industries such as transportation, accounting, and personal financial services are on the rise because of specific contemporary factors, the strength of the food industry is pretty constant. However, certain areas of the industry are certainly in a growth phase this fall, such as supervisors and servers. The fast food industry may be less mighty than it once was, but food preparers and servers are still very much needed at McDonald’s, Dunkin Donuts, and Wendy’s. Cooks are needed too.13. Repair and maintenanceHere’s another old-fashioned industry that also continues to deliver the jobs. Those who are great with their hands and have a knack for installing appliances and performing automotive maintenance or general repairs will find a ver y welcoming job market. Supervisors for mechanics, installers, and repair people are also necessary in today’s market.14. EngineeringOne of the greatest crises facing the United States at the moment is its crumbling infrastructure. Roads, bridges, dams, and airports are in dire condition, creating safety hazards that could turn tragic without serious work. Civil engineers are responsible for redesigning our infrastructure, and the demand for them is definitely on the rise. However, engineers do not just rebuild the physical structures on which we drive. Biomedical engineers work on our bodies, and the rising healthcare industry has opened a great need for them as well.15. ConstructionEngineers are not alone in reviving our infrastructure. Once they have redesigned our roads and buildings, construction workers are then needed to do the physical labor. The explosion in real estate that has seen new apartment buildings and condominiums spring up all over our nation’s citi es has made way for a lot of construction opportunities too. Supervisors and workers who extract old materials before new construction can begin are also benefitting from the construction boom that is making this fall a hot time for the job market.

Pilot Study - Plan for data collection Research Paper

Pilot Study - Plan for data collection - Research Paper Example Teachers are faced with a number of factors that make it difficult for them to implement their RET experiences in the classroom. Therefore, it is important to find out how to support teachers in their classroom after completion of an RET program, with the goal of improving student learning. As such, this paper documents a plan about how to do some pilot testing of data collection related to the RET program. Basically, preliminary data will be collected directly from the participants who have been involved in this program. The three methods that will be used to perform this task include the following: interviewing, observation and reading their teaching plans. The interview technique that will be incorporated in the primary research for this study will be face to face with the participants. The interview question design and set up would be maintained at a simple level that is easy to understand by the participants in the study. The questions that would be used are open ended and exploratory in nature and focus on gathering information on the main topic within short time period so that the respondents are given the opportunity to respond quickly without wasting their time and efforts. The main purpose of interviews is to discover the opinions and views of people who are involved in the study. According to Oppenheim (1992), the main advantage of interview technique is that first hand information from the participants about their views and perceptions towards a certain subject are explored. This helps to generate more knowledge about a certain subject area under investigation. The other advantage of the interview technique is that they are unbiased since they involve direct interaction between the interviewer and the interviewee (Struwig and Stead, 2004). This will help the interviewees to express their opinions about their perceptions towards the RET

Intergrated Marketing Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Intergrated Marketing Communication - Essay Example In this study, the principles of ELM shall be discussed in line with the management of marketing communications of Jacob’s Creek with respect to its red wine labels. The primary concerned is understanding and appreciating how ELM is significant to the promotional and advertising schemes of the consumer organization identified. It is also the aim of this study to identify improvements to the persuasion strategies based on ELM concepts through the identification and determination of important variables that facilitate a positive response (i.e. purchase and referral). According to Petty and Cacioppo (1986), the developers of the ELM, attitude change can occur via two routes of influence depending on the degree of information processing or elaboration. The first is the ‘central route’ where the process of attitude change involves considerable cognitive effort to scrutinize and evaluate the arguments of the message being communicated (i.e. high elaboration likelihood). This condition usually occurs when people processing the arguments are highly motivated, deeply concerned or highly able to process the subject. The other route, called ‘peripheral route’, is where attitude change occurs with minimal effort to evaluate and understand the merits of the arguments (i.e. low elaboration likelihood). This usually happens when there is minimal motivation for the person to go into details or when there is insufficient reference to draw upon. Many models using the basic principles of ELM have been developed by consumer behaviour researchers. High elaboration likelihood state has been termed as ‘systematic processing’ and the other state being called ‘heuristic processing/use of simplifying decision rules’ (Venkataramani Johar, Maheswaran, & Peracchio, 2006). According to Tam & Ho (2005, para. 18), systematic processing occurs when the person is knowledgeable and capable to assess the quality of the message. Chen & Lee (2008) describes people using

Marketing strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing strategy - Assignment Example In this distribution strategy, it is not hard to sell a specialty product assuming that the said specialty store is already well-known about its carried products or service offerings. However, considering concern about wide range of distribution, it is necessary that more specialty stores are needed in order to create more market penetration for specific specialty products in a wide market range. The second point is that specialty store in general does not only carry one product, but it might probably take two or more identical products of different brands. In this case, competition may be of great concern for a certain specialized product. Even if it is highly specialized, the customers are always open to the idea that they have to choose from varied specialty products. In the above situation, it is clear that there is correspondingly significant limit of the distribution of a specialty chocolate product if it has to focus only on its distribution with specialty stores or brokers. T hus, another alternative would be to go for corporate vertical marketing system.

Fast Food and Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Fast Food and Obesity - Essay Example Most of the obese people apart from overeating are found of eating fast foods as their daily meals. It is because of this that many researchers have been done to prove if there is any relationship between the eating habit of obese people and the their weight. Fast food restaurants have provided a cheap and efficient way that most people can take midday snuck without having to go back home and cook their meals. However closer research show that most of the people who mostly depend on fast food show a sign of being obese. This is because of the fatty nature of the foods that are found in the fast food restaurants and the way that the foods are prepared. Most of the foods that are found in fast food restaurants are also prepared faster so that they can increase the profits made in expense to the health of their customers. It is because of this that this in depth analysis was done to find out if there is any relationship between fast foods and obesity. Many researchers have shown that no rmal weight people who at one point of their lives decided to take a different turn in their eating habit and moved to fast foods due to any unavoidable circumstance later shown some increase in their general weight. Though other researchers have proved that some forms of obesity are genetic, most of the cases that are present in our times are mainly caused by the fast foods that most people take. To support the arguments in this paper, 10 different articles are reviewed to give support to the effects of fast food restaurants in the society. I hope to find the relationship between fast foods and the issue of overweight. I also hope to find a solution that can be used to reduce the obesity by good eating habit or even revive the people who have some effects on them. Isganaitis, E, and RH Lustig. "Fast Food, Central Nervous System Insulin Resistance, and Obesity."  Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 25.12 (2005): 2451- 62. Print. The authors of this anthropological article, â€Å"Fast Food, Central Nervous System Insulin Resistance, and Obesity," are Isganaitis and RH Lustig. In their attempt to convince Americans about the effects of fast food, they write a scholarly article. This scholarly article is mainly written to the general public to try and inform them about the dangers of fast foods. The main idea of this article is the effect of fast food on overweight people and how they can reverse this. The article mainly focuses on the obese people living in America and who are addicted to fast foods. This article is relevant to this topic as it describes the relationship between obesity and fast foods showing clearly that there is a significant relationship between obesity and fast foods. This article is very effective in convincing obese people on how to live a healthy life that would not be based on dependency on fast food. It is also effective in warning people who are not yet obese that the road to obesity is in the eating of fast foods ev ery day. In short it warns people against fast foods. Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic : Report of a Who Consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2000. Print. This historical article â€Å"Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic â€Å" is written by the world health organization in its attempt to warn Americans and the entire world about the effects

Good Qualities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Good Qualities - Essay Example The article has also been published in PubMed ID 17686985. It was later published on 8th august 2007. Thus, making it a suitable and genuine source since it has been reviewed by the publication PubMed journals to ascertain credibility. Lastly, before it was published, the article was received in the PNAS for review on the 30th of April 2007 and approved on the first of May 2007. It stands out as a reliable and standard source in the area of study after the online publishing and printing. The author’s thesis statement states that the economic point is vital in the early years of children and shapes their adulthood outcomes. The publication was published online on May 2007, despite the fact the paper was published in the year 2007, it tackles current issues affecting the health sector currently. At the same time, the article seeks to provide solutions to the issues being studied. For instance, after the comprehensive study aiming at understanding the human inequalities in health the article, seeks to instigate the process of policy formulation which is aimed at reducing these inequalities. The policy formulation process, is driven by the findings made on the origin of the differences. The policy should focus mostly on prevention of the differences and ensuring that there are minimal inequalities developed among people as they develop (Heckman, 1). The issues are still a thorn in the health sector, hence it is still relevant in the health care industry to date. People in different socioeconomic classes are developing different diseases today. At the same time, people in this different socioeconomic cla sses, have different behaviors while seeking medical care (Heckman, 1). Thus formulating policies to curb the differences will be beneficial to the health sector. Some of the issues noted among diverse people include compliance with medications, people from a higher socioeconomic class, tend to pay more attention to medical advice as oppose to